Corruption measures with Satellite Data

The dataset CORRUPTION_SATELLITE.xlsx is available on Figshare. The first sheet has our estimates for construction-based corruption for 54,091 European municipalities for the years 1971-2011 (with 10-year intervals). The second sheet contains the same estimate for Italy. The dataset also contains the data we use to produce our estimates. The third sheet has seventeen analytical indicators for Italy: Italian name of municipalities (Municipality), Year (Year), code of NUTS_3 according to Eurostat (NUTS_3), the Italian name of the Province corresponding to NUTS_3 (Province), LAU code (Code), area of the municipality in square kilometers (Area_km), total population (Pop), degree of Urbanization according to Copernicus (DEGURBA), amount of built-up land (Built_up), area of the province (Prov_km), Gross Value Added (GVA), percentage of construction sector on value added (perc_const), population density (density), population elderly (elderly), and gross domestic production at present purchase power (gdp_ppp). The fourth sheet contains the Index of the expected budget as computed by OpenCivitas for Italy. The fifth sheet contains the panel data for Europe. It has the same structure as the second sheet but with three new columns: two identification codes (GISCO_ID and RAS_ID) and the name of the country (COUNTRY).