Gridded Homogenized Near-Surface Wind Speed Observation Dataset across China at 6-hourly Resolution

GH-NSWS-6h is a long-term, gridded, and homogenized near-surface wind speed observational dataset covering China. The dataset was developed based on 6-hourly near-surface wind speed observations from 1,498 national meteorological stations operated by the China Meteorological Administration. It spans the period 1980–2023, with a spatial resolution of 0.25° × 0.25° and a temporal resolution of 6 hours. The dataset addresses several common issues in raw near-surface wind speed observations, including missing records, abnormal zero values, and inhomogeneities caused by non-climatic factors such as instrument replacement, station relocation, and changes in the surrounding observational environment. To ensure data reliability and temporal consistency, rigorous quality control and homogenization procedures were applied to the original station observations. Based on the quality-controlled and homogenized station data, a deep-learning-based interpolation and reconstruction method was employed to convert discrete station observations into a regular gridded data product. The resulting dataset provides high-spatiotemporal-resolution near-surface wind speed information and is suitable for applications in climate change analysis, wind energy resource assessment, boundary-layer meteorology, air pollution dispersion studies, drought monitoring, evapotranspiration estimation, and related fields. Dataset abbreviation:GH-NSWS-6h Full English name:Gridded Homogenized Near-Surface Wind Speed Observation Dataset across China at 6-hourly Resolution Chinese name:中国区域逐 6 小时网格化均一化近地面风速观测数据集 Data Description The GH-NSWS-6h dataset consists of four NetCDF files: NSWS_02.nc NSWS_08.nc NSWS_14.nc NSWS_20.nc These four files correspond to the four standard observation times of 02:00 BJT, 08:00 BJT, 14:00 BJT, and 20:00 BJT, respectively. Here, BJT denotes Beijing Time, equivalent to UTC+8. The variable name is consistently defined as: wind_speed The coordinate dimensions are: time lat lon The temporal dimension has a length of 528, representing monthly records from January 1980 to December 2023. For each month, wind speed fields are provided separately for the four observation times listed above. The spatial domain covers China and its surrounding region, with latitude and longitude ranges of: Latitude: 18°N–53.75°N Longitude: 72°E–137.75°E The spatial resolution is 0.25° × 0.25°. Valid values are provided only for grid cells within the territory of China, while grid cells outside China are assigned as NaN.