An annually resolved 5700-years storm archive reveals drivers of Caribbean cyclone frequency

Predictions of tropical cyclone (TC) frequencies are hampered by insufficient knowledge of their natural variability in the past. A 30-m-long sediment core from the Great Blue Hole, a marine sinkhole offshore Belize, provides the longest available, continuous and annually-resolved TC-frequency record. This record expands our understanding, derived from instrumental monitoring (73-years), historical documentations (173-years) and paleotempestological records (2000-years), to the past 5700 years. A total of 694 event-layers were identified. They display a distinct regional trend of increasing storminess in the south-western Caribbean, which follows an orbitally-driven shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Superimposed short-term variations match Holocene climate intervals and originate from solar irradiance-controlled sea-surface temperature anomalies and climate phenomena modes. A 21st century extrapolation suggests an unprecedented increase in TC-frequency, attributable to the In..., , , # An annually resolved 5700-years storm archive reveals drivers of Caribbean cyclone frequency

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.fn2z34v57](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.fn2z34v57)

## Description of the data and file structure

This supplementary dataset, integral to our research paper, contains all the raw data for understanding the key findings of our study. It includes: a historical record calibration (Table S1.), a stratigraphic and chronological correlation of event-layers in different Great Blue Hole cores (Table S2.), radiocarbon ages and **δ**13C values (Table S3.), quantitative textural analyses of 694 event-layer and 125 fair-weather samples (Table S4.), fine material analyses (Table S5.), correlation tests (Table S.6), XRF data (Table S7.), gray scale measurements (Table S9.) and event-layer counts in binned 50- and 100-years counting intervals (Table S9.). All the diffrent raw data promote transparency and allow varied data processing and re-analysis methods.

### Files and ...