National Soil Erosion Inventory (2002-2019). Deep erosion. Potentiality of mass movements

This Inventory aims to locate, quantify and analyse the evolution of erosive phenomena, with the ultimate aim of delimiting as accurately as possible the priority areas of action in the fight against erosion, as well as to define and assess the actions to be carried out, within the plans and programs whose preparation also attributes the Royal Decree 500/2020, of 28 April, which develops the basic organic structure of the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge, and amends Royal Decree 139/2020, of 28 January, establishing the basic organizational structure of the ministerial departments. The objective is the identification and qualitative classification of areas of potential risk to present mass movements and their typology. Mass movements are mechanisms of erosion, transport and deposition that occur due to the gravitational instability of the terrain. Its interrelationship with other erosion mechanisms is very intense, especially in mountain areas, where together with the torrential hydrodynamics they configure the main denudative process of the slopes. This aspect is patented in the typological and quantitative consideration of mass movements in most torrent classifications. Outside the torrential basins, its contribution to the erosive dynamics is also important, often being precursors or consequences of carcavations and erosions laminar and in waterways. This module tried to determine the areas potentially susceptible to this type of phenomena, depending on the basic characteristics of the territory that define this risk, fundamentally lithology, slope and rainfall. Active movements identified through bibliographic collection as well as seismic risk were also taken into account. Consequently, based on the overlapping of the coverages corresponding to the different factors involved, the mapping of potentiality was developed. In the areas with greater potential, the predominant typology of the possible movements was also determined, and the corresponding mapping was also generated.