Overview of the genetic background of TLR9^−/− mice in experimental malaria infections.

aGenerated by Hemmi et al.[70]. bGenerated by Yasuda et al.[80]. *Personal communication. ↑, increased; ↓, decreased; B6, C57Bl/6; DCs, dendritic cells; CM, cerebral malaria; (p)DCs, (plasmacytoid) dendritic cells; (n/s)Hz, (natural/synthetic) hemozoin; iRBCs, infected red blood cells; JL, Jackson Laboratory; MZs, merozoites; NF-κB, nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; PbANKA, Plasmodium berghei ANKA; PcAS, Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS; Pf, Plasmodium falciparum; PyMSP119, Plasmodium yoelii 19 kDa carboxyl terminus of merozoite surface protein 1; TLR9, toll-like receptor 9; Tregs, regulatory T cells.