Degree of melanziation raw data

To visually evaluate and quantify melanization in larvae attacked by aphid soldiers, we used double-blind observational assays. We quantified the melanization phenotype before and after attack by aphid soldiers by using a subjective visual assay of melanization. We collected P. obesinymphae galls in the vicinity of Nashville, TN in July 2013. To facilitate observation, galls were split in half, and we placed individual Drosophila larvae, a surrogate for common Dipertan predators of galling aphids, in galls with aphids or in galls in which the aphids had been removed. Larvae remained in galls for 1 hr. Each D. melanogaster larvae was photographed before attack, immediately following attack, after removing the attacking soldiers, and 1 hr following attack. Only Drosophila larvae being attacked by at least 10 aphid soldiers were included in the study. Additionally, as controls, Drosophila larvae were stabbed either once or multiple times with a sterile needle. Larvae were then placed in an empty gall for 1 hr. Using a double-blind assay, all Drosophila larvae were assigned a score based on the proportion of the body melanized: 1 (no observable melanization) to 4 (surface completely melaninized). The sample size for each group was greater than or equal to 10.