Study of the Threshold Between Domain Wall Oscillation and Propagation in Py Nanowires Using Time-Resolved Magnetic Imaging

Time-resolved X-ray microscopy is a powerful technique for studying fast dynamic processes in nanoscale systems, such as magnetization reversal, domain wall motion, and spin-wave propagation [1–3]. By combining nanometer-scale spatial resolution with picosecond temporal sensitivity, it enables direct visualization of the fundamental processes governing spintronic and functional materials.

In a recent in-house beamtime (IH:20250330182-cfernandez), we successfully demonstrated time-resolved measurements at the MISTRAL beamline for the first time. Using a stroboscopic approach, we mapped the temporal evolution of a domain wall oscillating under the application of a sinusoidal current along the long axis of a Permalloy (Py) nanowire. In particular, we were able to follow the oscillatory dynamics of a domain wall pinned close to a chemically modulated region introduced along the nanowire. These results validate the feasibility of time-resolved magnetic imaging at MISTRAL and motivate further systematic studies of current-driven domain wall dynamics.