The meteorological dataset of the lithium-rich salt lake of Zabuye in Xizang from 1991 to 2025 and its climate change characteristics

This study relies on field observation stations to systematically analyze long-term meteorological data from 1991 to 2025, revealing the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of core meteorological elements such as temperature, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and evaporation. The automatic meteorological observation station of Zabuye Salt Lake automatically records meteorological data once according to the designed time interval, and then the observation personnel export and interpret the meteorological data for a certain period of time from the meteorological observation instrument. The translated file is saved and archived in the form of. xlsx; Collect precipitation within a certain period of time using a rain gauge. Pour the collected precipitation into a measuring cylinder and measure its height, which is the amount of precipitation during that time period. Rainfall observation is mainly conducted during rainy and snowy weather; The observation station uses a 20cm evaporating dish to observe the evaporation rate, and the observed data is the evaporation result of fresh water. The precipitation and evaporation are both manually recorded and organized into. xlsx format for storage and archiving. Reasonably classify and organize the raw daily (minute) meteorological observation sequences obtained from meteorological observation stations. Calculate the total amount of precipitation and evaporation elements using the cumulative sum method for the time period; For factors such as temperature, ground temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, and wind speed, the arithmetic mean of effective observation days is used to calculate the average value, and extreme values (such as highest/lowest temperature, lowest/highest air pressure) are extracted during the observation period; For wind direction data with vector features, frequency statistics method is used to extract the mode, which serves as the dominant wind direction for each time period. Afterwards, the missing and abnormal values in the statistical result sequence were removed and reasonably interpolated (Sun Yue et al., 2023). At the same time, daily data will be organized into monthly and interannual time series to establish a continuous and reliable long-term time series of meteorological elements in the Zabuye Salt Lake. The drawing is completed in Origin and saved in. png format.