UMAHand: Hand Activity Dataset (Universidad de Málaga)
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The objective of the UMAHand dataset is to provide a systematic, Internet-accessible benchmarking database for evaluating algorithms for the automatic identification of manual activities. The database was created by monitoring 29 predefined activities involving specific movements of the dominant hand. These activities were performed by 25 participants, each completing a certain number of repetitions. During each movement, participants wore a 'mote' or Shimmer sensor device on their dominant hand's wrist. This sensor, comparable in weight and volume to a wristwatch, was attached with an elastic band according to a predetermined orientation.The Shimmer device contains an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) with a triaxial accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, and barometer. These sensors recorded measurements of acceleration, angular velocity, magnetic field, and atmospheric pressure at a constant sampling frequency of 100 Hz during each movement.The UMAHand Dataset comprises a main directory and two subdirectories: TRACES (containing measurements) and VIDEOS (containing video sequences). The main directory also includes three descriptive plain text files and an image:• "readme.txt": this file is a brief guide of the dataset which describes the basic characteristics of the database, the testbed or experimental framework used to generate it and the organization of the data file.• "user_characteristics.txt": which contains a line of six numerical (comma-separated) values for each participant describing their personal characteristics in the following order: 1) an abstract user identifier (a number from 01 to 25), 2) a binary value indicating whether the participant is left-handed (0) or right-handed (1), 3) a numerical value indicating gender: male (0), female (1), undefined or undisclosed (2), 4) the weight in kg, and 5) the height in cm and 6) the age in years.• "activity_description.txt": For each activity, this text file incorporates a line with the activity identifier (numbered from 01 to 29) and an alphanumeric string that briefly describes the performed action.• "sensor_orientation.jpg": a JPEG-type image file illustrating the way the sensor is carried and the orientation of the measurement axes.The TRACE subfolder with the data is, in turn, organized into 25 secondary subfolders, one for each participant, named with the word "output" followed by underscore symbol (_) and the corresponding participant identifier (a number from 1 to 25). Each subdirectory contains one CSV (Comma Separated Values) file for each trial (each repetition of any activity) performed by the corresponding volunteer.The filenames with the monitored data follow the following format: "user_XX_activity_YY_trial_ZZ.csv" where XX, YY, and ZZ represent the identifiers of the participant (XX), the activity (YY) and the repetition number (ZZ), respectively.In the files, which do not include any header, each line corresponds to a sample taken by the sensing node. Thus, each line of the CSV files presents a set of the simultaneous measurements captured by the sensors of the Shimmer mote at a certain instant. The values in each line are arranged as follows:•Timestamp, Ax, Ay, Az, Gx, Gy, Gz, Mx, My, Mz, Pwhere:-Timestamp is the time indication of the moment when the following measurements were taken. Time is measured in milliseconds elapsed since the start of the recording. Therefore, the first sample, in the first line of the file, has a zero value while the rest of the timestamps in the file are relative to this first sample.-Ax, Ay, Az are the measurements of the three axes of the triaxial accelerometer (in g units).-Gx, Gy, Gz indicate the components of the angular velocity measured by the triaxial gyroscope (in degrees per second or dps).-Mx, My, Mz represent the 3-axis data in microteslas (µT) captured by the magnetometer.-P is the measurement of pressure in millibars.Besides, the VIDEOS directory includes 29 anonymized video clips that illustrate with the corresponding examples the 29 manual activities carried out by the participants. The video files are encoded in MPEG4 format and named according to the format "Example_Activity_XX.mp4", where XX indicates the identifier of the movement (as described in the activity_description.txt file).All experiments and data acquisition were conducted in private home environments. Participants were asked to perform those activities involving sustained or continuous hand movements (e.g. clapping hands) for at least 10 seconds. In the case of brief and punctual movements, which might require less than 10 seconds (e.g. picking up an object from the floor), volunteers were simply asked to execute the action until its conclusion. Thus, a total of 752 samples were collected, with durations ranging from 1.98 to 119.98 seconds.
UMAHand数据集的目标是提供一套系统化、可通过互联网访问的基准数据库，用于评估手动活动自动识别算法。该数据库通过监测29项预定义的、涉及利手特定动作的活动构建而成，由25名参与者完成，每名参与者均完成若干次重复动作。 在每次动作过程中，参与者的利手手腕处佩戴了一款“mote”或Shimmer传感器设备。该传感器的重量与体积与腕表相当，通过松紧带按照预设方位固定。这款Shimmer设备内置惯性测量单元（Inertial Measurement Unit, IMU），包含三轴加速度计、陀螺仪、磁力计与气压计。在每次动作过程中，这些传感器以100Hz的恒定采样频率记录加速度、角速度、磁场与大气压强数据。 UMAHand数据集包含一个主目录与两个子目录：TRACES（存储测量数据）与VIDEOS（存储视频序列）。主目录还包含三个说明性纯文本文件与一张图像： 1. "readme.txt"：该文件为数据集的简要说明文档，介绍了数据库的基本特征、用于构建数据集的测试平台或实验框架，以及数据文件的组织结构。 2. "user_characteristics.txt"：该文件为每名参与者存储一行以逗号分隔的六个数值，按以下顺序描述其个人特征：1）抽象用户标识符（取值范围为01至25的数字）；2）二进制标识值，用于表示参与者为左利手（0）或右利手（1）；3）表示性别的数值：男性（0）、女性（1）、未定义或未披露（2）；4）体重（单位：千克）；5）身高（单位：厘米）；6）年龄（单位：岁）。 3. "activity_description.txt"：针对每项活动，该文本文件均包含一行内容，由活动标识符（编号范围为01至29）与简要描述对应动作的字母数字字符串组成。 4. "sensor_orientation.jpg"：一张JPEG格式的图像文件，用于展示传感器的佩戴方式与测量轴的方位。 存储数据的TRACES子文件夹进一步划分为25个次级子文件夹，每个子文件夹对应一名参与者，文件夹名称格式为"output_"后接参与者标识符（取值范围为1至25的数字）。每个次级子目录均包含若干个CSV（逗号分隔值，Comma Separated Values）文件，每个文件对应一名志愿者完成的一次试验（即某项活动的一次重复动作）。 监测数据的文件名遵循以下格式："user_XX_activity_YY_trial_ZZ.csv"，其中XX、YY、ZZ分别代表参与者标识符、活动标识符与重复次数标识符。 所有文件均不包含表头，每一行对应传感节点采集的一个样本。因此，CSV文件的每一行均包含传感节点在某一时刻同步采集的多组传感器数据。每行数据的排列顺序如下： 时间戳（Timestamp）、Ax、Ay、Az、Gx、Gy、Gz、Mx、My、Mz、P 其中： - Timestamp：表示采集后续传感器数据的时刻，以录音开始后的毫秒数计时。因此，文件第一行的首个样本时间戳为0，文件内其余时间戳均相对于该首个样本计算。 - Ax、Ay、Az：三轴加速度计三个轴的测量值，单位为g（重力加速度单位）。 - Gx、Gy、Gz：三轴陀螺仪测得的角速度分量，单位为度每秒（degrees per second, dps）。 - Mx、My、Mz：磁力计采集的三轴数据，单位为微特斯拉（microteslas, µT）。 - P：气压测量值，单位为毫巴（millibars）。 此外，VIDEOS目录包含29个经过匿名化处理的视频片段，通过对应示例展示参与者完成的29项手动活动。视频文件采用MPEG4格式编码，文件名遵循"Example_Activity_XX.mp4"格式，其中XX代表动作标识符（与activity_description.txt文件中的描述一致）。 所有实验与数据采集均在私人住宅环境中完成。参与者被要求完成持续或连续手部动作的活动（例如拍手），时长至少为10秒。对于耗时不足10秒的简短单次动作（例如从地面拾取物品），志愿者仅需完成该动作直至结束。最终共采集752份样本，样本时长范围为1.98秒至119.98秒。
