Data from: Robust quantification of fish early life CO2 sensitivities via serial experimentation

Despite the remarkable expansion of laboratory studies, robust estimates
of single species CO2 sensitivities remain largely elusive. We conducted a
meta-analysis of 20 CO2 exposure experiments conducted over six years on
offspring of wild Atlantic silversides (Menidia menidia) to robustly
constrain CO2 effects on early life survival and growth. We conclude that
early stages of this species are generally tolerant to CO2 levels of ~
2,000 µatm, likely because they already experience these conditions on
diel to seasonal time scales. Still, high CO2 conditions measurably
reduced fitness in this species by significantly decreasing average embryo
survival (-9%) and embryo + larval survival (-13%). Survival traits had
much larger coefficients of variation (>30%) than larval length or
growth (3-11%). CO2 sensitivities varied seasonally and were highest at
the beginning and end of the species’ spawning season (April-July), likely
due to the combined effects of transgenerational plasticity and maternal
provisioning. Our analyses suggest that serial experimentation is a
powerful, yet underutilized tool for robustly estimating small but true
CO2 effects in fish early life stages.