Comparative Study of Proportions of Post-Operative Sepsis _ Maternity Versus General Surgical Ward

Data Collection Sources, Tools and Techniques The data sources, tools and techniques were as follows; Data Sources Both secondary and primary data were used. The secondary data from patient files (hospital record) for the past 6months from May, 2018 to November, 2018 were retrieved. These were the records of patients admitted to Maternity and General Surgical wards and who underwent surgery. Only these categories were analysed for both cohorts. The use of secondary data in this study is justified based on generation of new insight and possible longitudinal study among other advantages. It also provides basis for comparison between departments. However, eight (8) respondents (three from maternity ward cohort and five from each general surgical ward cohort), were traced to their homes and primary data on their lived experiences was collected. Data Collection Tools and Techniques The researcher used Data Abstraction Sheet (Document Review Guide), Observation guide and Interview Guide (for the primary data) tools. Data Abstraction Sheet has been used in a number of studies. This Data Abstraction Sheet used had all the types of data that needed to be extracted from each respondent record written on it. This made it easier for the researcher to obtain the needed data per patient record. The researcher used this Sheet as a guide to extract the appropriate data patient-by-patient. This also served as an observation guide for each patient record /file (See appendix III). Additional observation guide was developed and used by the researcher to observe the hygiene practices in the two hospital departments. This guide had all the observatory areas clearly labelled. Likewise, the Interview guide was used to collect data on lived experiences of the respondents. It guided the researcher in knowing which questions to ask. Data was then hand written as well as video recorded for later analysis. Probing was done to dig deeper into the respondents’ experiences.数据采集来源、工具与技术 本研究的数据来源、工具及技术如下： 1. 数据来源 本研究同时采用一手数据与二手数据。二手数据采集自2018年5月至2018年11月共计6个月的患者病历（hospital record），涵盖入住产科病房与普通外科病房且接受手术治疗的患者档案，仅针对这两类队列（cohort）开展分析。本研究使用二手数据的合理性在于其可催生新研究视角、支持纵向研究等多重优势，同时也为不同科室间的对比分析提供基础。此外，本研究追踪了8名受访者，其中产科队列3名、普通外科队列5名，并采集了他们的真实就医体验相关的一手数据。 2. 数据采集工具与技术 本研究使用了数据抽象表（Data Abstraction Sheet，即文档审查指南）、观察指南（Observation guide）与访谈指南（Interview Guide）三类工具开展一手数据采集。数据抽象表已在多项研究中得到应用，本次使用的数据抽象表列明了需从每份受访者病历中提取的全部数据类型，便于研究者逐一获取患者档案中的目标数据，同时也作为每份患者病历/档案的观察指南（详见附录Ⅲ）。研究者还额外开发了专用观察指南，用于调研上述两个医院科室的卫生操作规范，该指南清晰标注了所有需观察的维度。同理，访谈指南用于采集受访者的真实就医体验，为研究者明确提问方向提供指引。采集到的数据将以手写笔录与视频录像的形式留存以供后续分析，同时通过追问环节深入挖掘受访者的体验细节。