Comprehensive 16S rRNA gene sequencing and meta-transcriptomic analyses in female reproductive tract microbiota

By simultaneously analysing the microbial composition and gene expression within female reproductive tract samples, we sought to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the microbiota and functional potential of these samples. A total of 49 women, aged 27-42 years, were enrolled in the study. Vaginal swabs, endometrial brushings, and endometrial biopsy samples were collected from each participant during the mid-secretory menstrual cycle phase, 6-9 days after the luteinizing hormone surge.