Bibliographic survey of microbial diversity from Chilean soils

This dataset is a recopilation of research works published from 1975 to 2023 presenting original studies of soil microbial diversity in Chile. The considered microorganisms are bacteria, archaea, and fungi. The studies selected here focused on the diverse environmental biomes represented in Chile, from arid desert and salt flats in the North, to cultivated lands and forests in the medium South, and steppes and glaciers in the extreme South down to the Antarctic peninsula. The dataset includes different methodological approaches such as cultivation, sequencing, metabarcoding, metagenomics, as well as functional characterization of microbial communities. The main objectives of this work are (i) to describe quantitatively and qualitatively the existing research effort for microbial diversity understanding in Chilean soils (i.e., number of studies, type of methodological approaches, and origin of funding), (ii) to compare the extent of research in the different Chilean regions (including the Antarctic Peninsula) and along time since 1975, and (iii) to identify the main research scopes and current knowledge gaps in soil biodiversity in Chile and Antarctic Peninsula. The studies included in this dataset adressed different main concerns, as follows: potential biotechnological applications of soil microorganisms; impact of climate change on soil microorganisms; microbial diversity of extreme environments; identification of new species; effect of disturbances on soil microorganisms; insights in the functionnal capacities of microbial diversity; biogeographic distribution of soil microorganisms.本数据集汇编了1975年至2023年间发表的、针对智利土壤微生物多样性的原创研究成果。本次纳入研究的微生物类群包括细菌、古菌与真菌。 本次遴选的研究聚焦智利境内多样的环境生物群系，覆盖范围从北部的干旱荒漠与盐滩，延伸至中南部的耕地与森林，再到极南部的草原与冰川，直至南极半岛。 本数据集涵盖多种研究方法，包括微生物分离培养、测序、宏条形码（metabarcoding）、宏基因组学（metagenomics）分析，以及微生物群落功能表征。 本数据集的核心研究目标包含三项：其一，从定性与定量双重维度，系统梳理智利土壤微生物多样性领域的现有研究投入情况，包括研究总量、所用方法类型与资助来源；其二，对比智利各区域（含南极半岛）自1975年以来的研究开展规模与进展；其三，明确智利及南极半岛土壤生物多样性研究的主流方向与当前尚存的知识空白。 本数据集收录的研究涉及以下核心议题：土壤微生物的潜在生物技术应用价值、气候变化对土壤微生物的影响、极端环境中的微生物多样性、新物种的发现与鉴定、外界扰动对土壤微生物的作用效应、微生物多样性功能特性的解析，以及土壤微生物的生物地理分布格局。