Roseburia intestinalis ameliorates NAFLD by delivery of Butyric acid via derived Extracellular Vesicles

We first conducted a cross-sectional analysis of gut microbiota in well-phenotyped obese individuals with or without NASH, carefully controlling for dietary confounders. Candidate bacteria associated with disease status were identified and subsequently validated in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced murine NASH model via live bacterial supplementation. EVs were isolated from these candidate strains and administered to mice to assess their functional impact. Multi-omics approaches, including hepatic transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, were integrated with in vitro macrophage assays to delineate the underlying mechanisms.