Estimated additive (A) and additive×environment (AE) interactions of QTLs for flowering time in three photoperiod environments.

Note:a: Additive effect: positive values indicated that Huangzao4 carries the allele for an increase in the trait, while negative values indicate that CML288 contributed the allele for an increase in the trait value.b, additive×environment (AE) interactions effect:E1, Sanya; E2, Henan; E3, Beijing.c, Contribution explained by putative main-effect QTL.d, Contribution explained by additive×environment (AE) interactions.