Piglet immune response genes RNA-seq

Impact of antibiotic choice on immune response and antibiotic resistance development in piglets experimentally infected with Escherichia coliThe rapid mobility of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is an emerging global One Health problem. Still more in-vivo studies are needed to better understand the spread ARGs in real clinical conditions. A challenge model with enteric colibacillosis (hosting R-plasmid) in piglets was used to monitor the expression levels of the bacterial SOS-response, plasmid transfer and porcine immune response genes under ineffective and effective antibiotic treatments. Analysis of gut samples revealed reduced (p<0.05) expression of the R-plasmid transfer genes in effective enrofloxacin groups +/-probiotics or meloxicam. Ineffective tetracycline and sub-inhibitory enrofloxacin resulted in higher (p<0.05) expressions of the bacterial SOS-response and R-plasmid transfer genes. Up-regulation of inflammatory gene expressions have occurred in ineffective antimicrobial treatment groups, whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokines ware increased in effectively treated piglets. We underline the importance of right and effective dosage of antibiotic choice in treatment. Improper use of antibiotics and subinhibitory antibiotic administration result in fatal outcomes and increase the spread of ARGs