Data sets of stable isotope in precipitation and surface water in the upper reaches of Shiyang River

The upper reaches of the Shiyang River on the northern slope of the Qilian Mountains, with an altitude ranging from 1,531m to 3,553m, is located in a cold and arid area. From October 2016 to October 2020, we set up 6 sampling points (P1-P6) in this area, collected 863 precipitation samples, and 432 valid surface water samples (S1-S5). The precipitation samples are collected in time after each precipitation time, and the surface water samples are collected once a month.