Annual Mean Vegetation Indices and Fractional Vegetation Cover (10 m) Dataset for the Han River Basin, 2019–2024

This dataset is based on Sentinel-2 satellite data and utilizes the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to generate annual average vegetation indices (NDVI, kNDVI) and corresponding vegetation coverage (FVC_NDVI, FVC_kndvi) products at a resolution of 10 meters in the Han River Basin from 2019 to 2024. During the processing, Sentinel-2 images with cloud cover less than 50% were screened, and QA60 cloud masks were used to remove clouds and thin clouds before cropping to the Han River Basin. Calculate NDVI and kNDVI, and generate two vegetation coverage using a pixel binary model. To enhance temporal continuity and spatial integrity, the annual product further undergoes Savitzky Golay filtering, inter annual interpolation, and local spatial interpolation. Comparison and verification with MODIS 250 meter products show that the error is small (MAE, RMSE<0.1), and the R ² exceeds 0.75, indicating reliable data accuracy. The data resolution is 10 meters, the coordinate system is WGS 84 (EPSG: 4326), in GeoTIFF format, and encoded with int16 (value x 10000). The file naming convention is "HJ_year_mean_10m_sm.tif". This dataset can provide high-precision basic data for vegetation change analysis, agricultural and forestry management, and ecological environment monitoring in the Han River Basin.