Data for "Disrupted localized functional connectivity in schizophrenia: an updated and extended meta-analysis"

Neuroimaging studies have shown that schizophrenia is associated with disruption of localized resting-state functional connectivity. However, the results vary considerably, which hamper our understanding of underlying pathophysiological mechanism. Here, we performed an updated and extended meta-analysis to identify the most consistent changes in local functional connectivity measured by regional homogeneity (ReHo) in schizophrenia. Specifically, a systematic search for ReHo studies in patients with schizophrenia in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science identified 18 studies (20 datasets) including 652 patients and 596 healthy controls. In addition, three whole-brain statistical maps of ReHo differences were calculated based on independent datasets (163 patients and 194 controls). A voxel-wise meta-analysis was then conducted to investigate ReHo difference and the relationship with clinical characteristics using the newly developed seed-based <em>d</em> mapping with permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI) meta-analytic approach. Compared with healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia showed significantly higher ReHo in the bilateral medial superior frontal gyrus, while lower ReHo in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, right precentral gyrus, and right middle occipital gyrus. The following sensitivity analyses including jackknife analysis, subgroup analysis, heterogeneity test and publication bias test demonstrated that our results were robust and highly reliable. Meta-regression analysis revealed that illness duration was negatively associated with ReHo abnormalities in the right precentral/postcentral gyrus. This comprehensive meta-analysis not only identified consistent and reliably aberrant local functional connectivity in schizophrenia but also helped to further deepen our understanding of its pathophysiology.