Economics of Risky Health Behaviours and Harm Reduction

This thesis examines how policies intended to reduce harmful behaviours, smoking, gambling, and heavy drinking, can also unintentionally harm disadvantaged groups. It finds that steep tobacco taxes force vulnerable smokers to cut essential spending, that gambling losses displace spending on necessities, and that excessive tobacco taxes drive smokers to unsafe, illegal products. It also highlights differing alcohol-related health risks by gender. The findings suggest more targeted interventions and support services are needed to reduce unintended harm. This work helps policymakers design fairer and more effective public health strategies that protect the most vulnerable Australians.