Environmental and climatic factors along the altitudinal gradient.

Note: AL, Altitude; VT, Vegetation types; AT, Air temperature; RH, Relative humidity; PR, Precipitation; ST, Soil temperature; Eh, Redox potential; LI, Depth of litter; SL, Slope; CC, Canopy closure; CH, Canopy height. AS, Aspect; EBLF, evergreen broad-leaved forest; EDBF, mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest; BLCF, mixed broadleaf-conifer forest; DCF, dark coniferous forest; APS, alpine shrubland; APM, alpine meadow; E, East; S, South; W, West, SE, Southeast; NW, Northwest.