Supplementary Material for: Forecasting the Worldwide Impact of Stroke for individuals aged 45 and above

Background:We aimed to assess the global impact of stroke in people aged 45 years and older between 1990 and 2030, focusing on morbidity, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
Methods:Generalized additive models (GAM) were used to project disease burden from 2020 to 2030. Additionally, the association between sociodemographic index (SDI) and stroke burden was investigated, and regional differences were assessed by Mann U test-Whitney.
Results:The overall age-standardized stroke incidence rate (ASIR) among adults aged 45 years and older is projected to increase from 2020 to 2030, with an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of 1.29. Conversely, the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) in EAPC is expected to decrease by -1.48, and the age-standardized DALY in EAPC is expected to decrease by -1.66. By 2030, men are expected to have higher ASIR (181.81) and ASDR (87.31) than women (ASIR: 151.85, ASDR: 65.20). Regional differences are large. East Asia is expected to have the highest ASIR in 2030 (265.55). Age estimates show that older age groups, particularly those aged 75 to 79, are at higher risk of stroke. In addition, there is a significant inverse relationship between SDI and stroke severity, with areas with higher SDI tending to have lower morbidity, mortality, and DALYs.
Conclusion: From 1990 to 2030, ASIR is expected to upgrade, especially in East Asia and regions with lower SDI. Men will bear a greater burden than women.