A finding of potential coexisting bacteria and characterization of the bacterial communities in the fruiting body of Sarcodon aspratus. metagenome

Sarcodon aspratus (Berk.) S. Ito is an edible mushroom in Japan. This mushroom has a unique aroma for local cuisine and has medical effects in allergic diseases; however, its artificial cultivation was still difficult. Recently, coexisting bacteria were regarded as an important factor for mycelium growth and fruiting body formation. We performed 16S amplicon sequencing in the fruiting body of S. aspratus and its adhered soil to understand the bacterial communities and attempted to select potential coexisting bacteria in the fruiting body of S. aspratus. The fruiting body group showed lower alpha diversities and a significant difference in the structure of bacterial communities compared to the soil group. In addition, Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium had the highest relative abundance in the fruiting body group, and it was selected as a potential coexisting bacterium in the fruiting body of S. aspratus by Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis. These findings suggested that Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium plays a key role in the bacterial communities in the fruiting body of S. aspratus. These insights contribute to the understanding of the coexisting bacteria in the fruiting body of S. aspratus and will improve its artificial cultivation.