Echolocation in soft-furred tree mice

Echolocation is an orientation behavior whereby some animals can assess environments where vision is ineffective. For decades, well-known echolocating mammals include microbats and toothed whales. Recently, the Chapa soft-furred tree mouse (Typhlomys chapensis) of the rodent family Platacanthomyidae was suggested to echolocate, but not practically evidenced. Notably, there are three other recognized species in the soft-furred tree mice (Typhlomys), which share similar ecological and morphological traits, suggesting that echolocation may be a general trait within this genus. To test whether the soft-furred tree mice generally have evolved echolocation, we conducted multiple behavioral experiments to assess the performance of different soft-furred tree mouse species in detecting and avoiding obstacles dependent on hearing and examined the anatomical structures of their vocal and hearing apparatus. In this study, we perform behavioral, morphological, genomic, and functional analyses to test whether echolocation present across the soft-furred tree mice. This file show raw data for the behavioral experiments that including acoustic features, biological implication of ultrasonic pulses, verifying echolocation in soft-furred tree mice.回声定位（echolocation）是一类定向行为，部分动物可借此在视觉无法有效发挥作用的环境中完成环境探查。数十年来，公认具备回声定位能力的哺乳动物包括小蝙蝠与齿鲸类。近期，有研究提出刺山鼠科（Platacanthomyidae）啮齿类的查帕软毛树鼠（Typhlomys chapensis）具备回声定位能力，但尚未得到实际实验证据支持。值得注意的是，软毛树鼠属（Typhlomys）目前另有3个已确认物种，它们均具有相似的生态与形态特征，这提示回声定位或许是该属的共性特征。为验证软毛树鼠是否普遍演化出回声定位能力，本研究开展了多项行为学实验，以评估不同软毛树鼠物种依赖听觉完成障碍物探测与规避的能力；同时对其发声与听觉器官的解剖结构进行了检测。本研究通过行为学、形态学、基因组学与功能实验分析，旨在验证软毛树鼠类群是否普遍存在回声定位能力。本文件收录了本次行为学实验的原始数据，内容涵盖声学特征、超声脉冲的生物学意义相关内容，用于验证软毛树鼠的回声定位能力。