Logistic GEE models of Plasmodium spp., S. haematobium and co-infection in children aged 8–17 (n = 223).

Values in the table represent odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals associated with each independent variable controlling for the other variables in the model. Bold font indicates a significant adjusted OR. Models were derived by stepwise elimination of the least significant correlates as identified by Wald test criteria. Original correlates also included grand mean-centered age, sex, recent malaria treatment, malaria knowledge, attitudes and practices, S. haematobium infection (in the Plasmodium spp. model), and Plasmodium spp. infection (in the S. haematobium model).Abbreviations: KAP = knowledge, attitudes and practices; SEP = socio-economic position.*Referent group is children without Plasmodium spp. infection.‡Referent group is children without S. haematobium infection.¥Referent group is children with only Plasmodium spp. infection, with only S. haematobium infection or with no infection.