Comparison of Species and sex classification performance of MosquitoSong+ between the simulated (W-INDOOR) and the real (W-OUTDOOR) noisy environments in terms of overall accuracy (ACC), macro-averaging F1-score (MF1), and per-class F1-score.

For the W-INDOOR dataset, the performance metrics were evaluated on an independent test set with and without noise overlay simulation, each corresponding to the application of the three gain factors (G): 1, 1.5, and 2. The W-OUTDOOR dataset was tested directly without the simulation.