NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea d13C and d18O Data from 1887 to 2004 CE

The oxygen isotopic composition and Mg/Ca ratios in the skeletons of long-lived coralline algae record ambient seawater temperature over time. Similarly, the carbon isotopic composition in the skeletons record d13C values of ambient seawater dissolved inorganic carbon. Here, we measured d13C in the coralline alga Clathromorphum nereostratum to test the feasibility of reconstructing the intrusion of anthropogenic CO2 into the northern North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea. The d13C was measured in the high Mg-calcite skeleton of three C. nereostratum specimens from two islands 500 km apart in the Aleutian archipelago. In the records spanning 1887 to 2003, the average decadal rate of decline in d13C values increased from 0.03‰ yr-1 in the 1960s to 0.095‰ yr-1 in the 1990s, which was higher than expected due to solely the d13C-Suess effect. Deeper water in this region exhibits higher concentrations of CO2 and low d13C values. Transport of deeper water into surface water (i.e., upwelling) increases when the Aleutian Low is intensified. We hypothesized that the acceleration of the d13C decline may result from increased upwelling from the 1960s to 1990s, which in turn was driven by increased intensity of the Aleutian Low. Detrended d13C records also varied on 4–7 year and bidecadal timescales supporting an atmospheric teleconnection of tropical climate patterns to the northern North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea manifested as changes in upwelling.