Global Oasis Species Diversity and Conservation Priority Dataset (GOS-RL)

Oases are key ecological units sustaining biodiversity in arid regions, yet a lack of datasets integrating fine-scale oasis boundaries with multidimensional species attributes has limited global-scale conservation planning. This dataset (GOS-RL) integrates a 1 m resolution global oasis map with IUCN Red List species distribution data to construct a comprehensive biodiversity and threat-status database at the oasis scale. The dataset includes 4,850 oasis units worldwide (total area ~2.4 ×10⁶ km²) and covers 2,093 species across amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and vascular plants, including 577 threatened species (67 critically endangered). A Total Conservation Value (TCV) index is developed to quantify conservation priorities. The dataset is released in both tabular and spatial vector formats, providing fundamental support for biodiversity assessment and conservation planning in arid regions.