Data from: Comparative evolution of an archetypal adaptive radiation: innovation and opportunity in Anolis lizards

Adaptive radiation is a widely recognized pattern of evolution wherein
substantial phenotypic change accompanies rapid speciation. Adaptive
radiation may be triggered by environmental opportunities resulting from
dispersal to new areas or via the evolution of traits, called key
innovations, that allow invasion of new niches. Species sampling is a
known source of bias in many comparative analyses, yet classic adaptive
radiations have not been studied comparatively with comprehensively
sampled phylogenies. In this study we use unprecedented comprehensive
phylogenetic sampling of Anolis lizard species to examine comparative
evolution in this well-studied adaptive radiation. We compare adaptive
radiation models within Anolis and in the Anolis clade and a potential
sister lineage, the Corytophanidae. We find evidence for island (i.e.,
opportunity) effects and no evidence for trait (i.e., key innovation)
effects causing accelerated phenotypic evolution within Anolis. However,
island effects are scale dependent: when Anolis and Corytophanidae are
analyzed together, no island effect is evident. We find no evidence for an
island effect on speciation rate, and tenuous evidence for greater
speciation rate due to trait effects. These results suggest the need for
precision in treatments of classic adaptive radiations such as Anolis, and
further refinement of the concept of adaptive radiation.