Data for "Strong ENSO Precipitation-SST Sensitivity Under a CO2 Removal Scenario"

Using a large ensemble simulation of symmetric CO2 ramp-up and ramp-down pathways, we identify distinct hysteresis features in precipitation-sea surface temperature (SST) sensitivity between strong El Niño and La Niña phases. Strong El Niño precipitation-SST sensitivity exhibits a century-scale hysteretic enhancement and eastward shift, mainly due to modulated deep convection anomalies by the Intertropical Convergence Zone via cloud-longwave feedback. Instead, the strong La Niña counterpart is concentrated toward the equator, mostly in the central-western Pacific, with a shorter hysteresis period of a few decades. This primarily involves changes in shallow convection and La Niña SST structures, which are influenced by upper-ocean circulation changes following global warming.