Time trends in physical activity of adult users of the Brazilian National Health System: 2010-2014. Longitudinal study

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: In this longitudinal study, we aimed to describe time trends of physical activity (PA) in different domains from 2010 to 2014 among users of the Brazilian National Health System, taking into account the effects of sex, age and economic status (ES). DESIGN AND SETTING: Longitudinal study conducted in five primary care units in Bauru (SP), Brazil. METHODS: The sample was composed of 620 men and women who were interviewed in 2010, 2012 and 2014. The same group of researchers conducted the interviews, using the questionnaire developed by Baecke et al. Scores for occupational, exercise/sport, leisure-time/transportation and overall PA were considered in this longitudinal survey. Time trends of PA over the four years of follow-up were assessed according to sex, age and ES. RESULTS: We found that after four years of follow-up, the reduction in overall PA (-13.6%; 95% confidence interval, CI = -11.9 to -15.3) was statistically significant. Additionally, declines in the occupational domain and exercise/sports participation were affected by age, while the reduction in overall PA was affected by sex, age and ES. CONCLUSIONS: Overall PA decreased significantly from 2010 to 2014 among these outpatients of the Brazilian National Health System, and age and male sex were important determinants of PA in its different domains.研究背景与目标：本项纵向研究旨在描述2010年至2014年间巴西国家卫生系统使用者不同领域身体活动（Physical Activity，PA）的时间变化趋势，并考量性别、年龄与经济状况（Economic Status，ES）的影响效应。 研究设计与研究现场：本研究为纵向研究，实施地点位于巴西圣保罗州包鲁市的5家基层医疗单位。 研究方法：本研究样本共纳入620名男女受试者，分别于2010年、2012年及2014年接受访谈。同一组研究人员采用Baecke等学者编制的问卷开展所有访谈工作。本纵向调查纳入了职业性身体活动、运动/体育活动、休闲/交通性身体活动以及总体身体活动的得分数据，并依据受试者的性别、年龄及经济状况，评估了4年随访期间身体活动的时间变化趋势。 研究结果：研究发现，经过4年随访后，总体身体活动水平存在统计学意义上的显著下降（降幅为13.6%；95%置信区间（Confidence Interval，CI）为-11.9至-15.3）。此外，职业性身体活动领域与运动/体育参与的下降趋势受年龄因素影响，而总体身体活动水平的下降则同时受性别、年龄及经济状况的影响。 研究结论：本研究中，巴西国家卫生系统的门诊患者在2010年至2014年间的总体身体活动水平显著下降，且年龄与男性性别是影响不同领域身体活动水平的重要决定因素。