A dataset of the annual water bodies in wet seasons on the Mongolian Plateau during 1990–2021

This study uses GEE platform to process the available high-quality Landsat series satellite images in the past 32 years (1990-2021). Using the minimum cloud amount synthesis algorithm, the minimum cloud amount image in the wet season (June September) of each year is obtained. After calculating the NDWI, the Otsu algorithm is used for threshold segmentation, and the 30m resolution water body data of the Mongolian Plateau in the annual wet season are extracted. The data set can provide data information and powerful basis for dynamic monitoring of water system changes, ecological construction planning and reasonable environmental protection in the Mongolian Plateau. The data set includes a total of 32 periods of spatial distribution data of water bodies in the rainy season of the Mongolian Plateau from 1990 to 2021. Each period contains 3 images, a total of 96 sub files. The data is stored as GeoTIFF data files, and the file naming method is "yyyymongolianwater-1/2/3" (such as 1990mongolianwater-1). The spatial resolution of the image is 30m, and the projection system is WGS-84. Because the data range is too large, each phase of data is divided into three pieces of sub data to save. All the data are saved as a file ("1990-2021 Mongolian Plateau wet season water body data set.Rar"), with a total data volume of 1.76GB.