THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING METHOD IN DEVELOPING STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS

he rapid development of science, technology, and information exchange in the 21st century requires educational institutions to prepare learners who can think critically, solve complex problems, and make informed decisions. Traditional teaching approaches often focus on memorization and reproduction of knowledge, limiting students’ ability to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information. Therefore, innovative teaching methods that promote higher-order thinking skills have become increasingly important. One such approach is Problem-Based Learning (PBL), which places students at the center of the learning process and encourages active engagement with real-life problems.

This article examines the effectiveness of the problem-based learning method in developing students’ critical thinking skills. Through an analysis of theoretical and empirical literature, the study explores the principles of PBL, its impact on critical thinking development, and its role in fostering independent learning, collaboration, and problem-solving abilities. The findings indicate that problem-based learning significantly enhances students’ analytical reasoning, reflective thinking, creativity, and decision-making skills. Furthermore, PBL contributes to increased learner motivation and deeper understanding of academic content. The article concludes that integrating problem-based learning into educational practice can effectively prepare students for the challenges of modern society and lifelong learning.