Supplementary Material for: Legacy of a 10-Year Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention on the Cognitive Trajectories of Individuals with Overweight/Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Weight loss and increased physical activity interventions are commonly recommended for individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and overweight or obesity. We examined the impact of randomization to an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) on trajectories of cognitive function over 10 years in a cohort of participants in a randomized clinical trial who had T2D and overweight/obesity at baseline. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Participants aged 45–76 years were enrolled in 2001–2004 and were randomized to the ILI or a diabetes support and education (DSE) condition. Cognitive function was assessed in 3,938 participants at up to 4 time points 8–18 years after randomization. General linear mixed effects models examined cognitive trajectories over time. Subgroup analyses focused on sex, individuals with baseline body mass index &gt;30, those carrying the <i>APOE</i> ε4 allele, and those with a baseline history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall, there were no differences in the rate of cognitive decline by intervention arm. Subgroup analyses showed that participants who had a baseline history of CVD and were randomized to the ILI arm of the study performed significantly worse on the Stroop Color Word Test than those in the DSE arm. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusions:</i></b> The ILI did not result in preserved cognitive function or slower rates of cognitive decline in this cohort of individuals who had T2D and were overweight or obese at baseline.