Preprint and Additional Materials for "Perceiver Effects in Person Perception Reflect Acquiescence, Positivity, and Trait-Specific Content: Evidence From a Large-Scale Replication Study"

People tend to differ from one another in how they generally perceive others. These individual differences in a person’s judgment were introduced as perceiver effects by Kenny (1994). It is commonly acknowledged that perceiver effects are highly relevant as they may strongly influence a variety of psychological processes and outcomes in person judgment. However, surprisingly little research has been done to understand the basic structure of perceiver effects, and the consensus among these studies is limited. While some results indicate that individuals show trait-specific perceiver effects, others suggest there is a rather general tendency to perceive others more positively or negatively, and that individuals differ in the degree to which they tend to agree or disagree with items irrespective of their content (acquiescence). The main goal of the current project is to replicate the results of recent research by Rau et al. (in preparation) with a new, independent sample. We expect that all three of the above-mentioned factors, i.e. trait-specificity, positivity, and acquiescence influence the ways in which individuals generally perceive others.

个体之间在通常如何感知他人方面往往存在差异。此类个体在判断他人时的差异性，Kenny (1994) 引入为感知效应。普遍认为，感知效应具有重要相关性，因其可能显著影响个人判断中的多种心理过程和结果。然而，令人惊讶的是，关于感知效应的基本结构的研究却为数不多，且现有研究中的共识有限。尽管一些研究结果指出个体表现出特征特定的感知效应，但另一些研究则表明存在一种较为普遍的倾向，即个体更倾向于正面或负面地感知他人，并且个体在是否同意或不同意项目方面存在差异，这种差异与其内容无关（即顺从性）。当前项目的核心目标在于通过一个新的独立样本复制 Rau 等人（准备中）近期的研究成果。我们预期上述三个因素，即特征特异性、积极性和顺从性，将影响个体普遍感知他人的方式。