Coffea canephora lipid profile

Coffee (Coffea spp.) is one of the most popular refreshing beverage
globally. Coffee lipid diversity has untapped potential for improving
coffee marketability because lipids contribute significantly to both the
health benefits and cup quality of coffee. However, there have not been
extensive studies of lipids of C. canephora genotypes. In this study,
Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry
(UPLC–MS) profiling of lipid molecules was performed for 30 genotypes
consisting of 15 cultivated and 15 conserved genotypes of C. canephora in
Southwestern Nigeria. We identified nine classes of lipids in the 30
genotypes which belong to the ‘Niaouli’, ‘Kouillou’ and ‘Java Robusta’
group: among these, the most abundant lipid class was the
triacylglycerols, followed by the fatty acyls group. Although ‘Niaouli’
diverged from the ‘Kouillou’ and ‘Java Robusta’ genotypes when their lipid
profiles were compared, there was greater similarity in their lipid
composition by multivariate analysis, compared to that observed when their
primary metabolites and especially their secondary metabolite profiles
were examined. However, distinctions could be made among genotypes.
Members of the fatty acyls group had the greatest power to discriminate
among genotypes, however, lipids that were low in abundance e.g. a
cholesterol ester (20:3), and phosphotidylethanolamine (34:0) were also
helpful to understand the relationships among C. canephora
genotypes.  The two lipid diversity identified among the C.
canephora genotypes examined correlated with their overall Single
Nucleotide Polymorphism diversity assessed by genotype-by-sequencing, will
be exploited, and included in coffee cup quality improvement.