Effect of diet, exercise and interaction on clinical indicators among overweight and obese, lactating women after 12 wk intervention and 1-y follow-up1.

1Mean (SD) for changes in normally distributed variables and median (inter quartile range) for changes in non-normally distributed variables (inflammation markers). General Linear Modeling for main and interaction effects, adjusted for baseline values of dependent variable (ranks were used for non-normally distributed variables).2At the 1-y follow-up the number of women was reduced in groups to: Control: n = 13, Diet: n = 13 and Exercise: n = 15.3No valid data retrieved for 2 women in the Control group at 12 wk and 1 y (n = 13 and n = 11, respectively) and 1 woman in the Exercise group at 1 y (n = 14) as well as 1 woman in the Diet and Exercise group at 1 y (n = 15).4No value obtained for 1 woman in the Diet and Exercise group (n = 15).5One woman in the control group with CRP of 22.0 mg/L and signs of breast engorgement and hence local inflammation at baseline was excluded from analysis (n = 14 and n = 12 at 12 wk and 1 y, respectively). Exclusions (IL-6 and TNFα values>+3 SD): One woman in the Diet group at 12 wk and 1 y (n = 14 and n = 12, respectively), one woman in the Exercise group at 12 wk (n = 15), one woman in the Diet and Exercise group at 1 year (IL-6 only) (n = 15).6No Diastolic BP retrieved for 2 women in the Diet group at 12 wk (n = 11), 2 and 3 women in the Exercise group at 12 wk (n = 13) and 1 y (n = 12) respectively and 2 women in the Diet and Exercise group respectively (n = 14 and n = 14 at 12 wk and 1 y, respectively).7No Systolic BP retrieved for 1 woman in the Diet group (n = 14).BP: blood pressure, HDL-C: High density lipoprotein cholesterol, hs-CRP: high sensitive C-reactive protein, IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor 1, IL-6: Interleukin 6, LDL-C: Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Total-C: Total cholesterol.