Substituted Furans: A Novel Group of Food Processing Contaminants and Their Influence on Intestinal Cancer Development and Human Health Risk, 2015

Colorectal cancer is among the most prevalent types of cancers in Norway and current data show that the risk of developing colorectal cancer is diet associated. Most foods are processed before consumed, and this leads to formation of new compounds some of which can be hazardous to humans. The substituted furans are a novel class of such food processing contaminants; some have already been shown to induce tumours in mice. However, little or no information on the hazard, human intake and occurrence in food are available for most members of this broad group of food processing contaminants. This project gave more relevant characterisation of the hazards from substituted furans. The aim was to evaluate the human health risk of dietary exposure to substituted furans. Humans do more efficiently bioactivate substituted furans than rodents, it is thereby imperative to use appropriate models. In this study in vitro and in vivo models with bioactivating systems more similar to humans were used. Human intake studies along with analyses of substituted furan concentrations in food and their biomarkers in human urine gave together with the hazard characterisation information to an evaluation of the human health risk. The results are useful for scientists, authorities and industry.

Articles and associated data files:
- "Genotoxicity of three food processing contaminants in transgenic mice expressing human sulphotransferases 1A1 and 1A2 as assessed by the in vivo alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay". Data set: Rapportering av rådata Comet.
- "Formation of DNA adducts in wild type and transgenic mice expressing human sulphotransferase 1A1 and 1A2 after oral exposure to furfuryl alcohol". Data set: Rapportering av rådata FFA addukter, figure 3 - UPLC-MSMSchromatograms DNA sample of FFA exposed SULT mice.
- "Intestinal Tumour Development in C57BL/6J-ApcMin/+ Mice Expressing Human Sulphotransferases 1A1 and 1A2 After Oral Exposure to 2,5-Dimethylfuran". Data set: Rapportering av rådata DMF og kreftutvikling.
- "DNA adducts induced by food mutagen PhIP in a mouse model expressing human sulfotransferases 1A1 and 1A2". Data set: Rapportering av rådata PhIP addukter, figure 1.
- "An in vitro study on the genotoxic effect of substituted furans in cells transfected with human metabolizing enzymes: 2,5-Dimethylfuran and furfuryl alcohol". Data set: Rapportering av rådata DMF in vitro Komet, rådata furfuryl alcohol in vitro Komet.