1982年渤海鲈鱼的生殖习性及早期发育特征的研究数据集

本数据集所用资料是1982年9月22日和10月6日进行渤海调查时，先后两次于莱州湾中部的试捕渔获物中分别取提雌雄亲鱼各1尾，采用湿法人工授精获得的。分别对鲈鱼的人工授精、孵化试验情况，产卵期、产卵场的分布等生殖特性，卵和卵受精后的孵化情况，仔鱼的生长情况作了详细描述，并针对以上描述进行了讨论并得出渤海鲈鱼的产卵期为8月上旬至11月上旬，产卵盛期为10月份，卵子主要表现在近岸的高温高盐区。从出现的卵子数量和胚胎发育状况分析：渤海鲈鱼的生殖首先从渤海湾的深水区开始，逐渐向浅水区移动。具有较高的怀卵量，但其资源数量较少，这可能与早期发育阶段以及当年幼鱼在越冬期间的成活率较低有关。渤海鲈鱼的受精卵在培养水温为21℃左右的条件下，35-38小时即可孵化，需4-4.5天时间方可孵出仔鱼。卵径和油球径的波动范围不大，分别在1.14-1.40毫米和0.28-0.38 毫米之间，受精卵刚进入细胞分裂期，在细胞群与卵黄交界处出现了泡状组织，这一特征持续到仔鱼孵化后依然存在，在其他硬骨鱼类的早期发育中很少发现等结论。The materials used in this dataset were obtained via wet artificial insemination. One male and one female broodstock were collected separately from the catches of trial fishing conducted in the central Laizhou Bay during two Bohai Sea surveys held on September 22 and October 6, 1982 respectively. Detailed descriptions were made regarding the artificial insemination and hatching experiments of the sea bass, its reproductive characteristics including spawning period and spawning ground distribution, the hatching status of fertilized eggs, and the growth of larvae. Corresponding discussions were conducted based on the above descriptions, leading to the following conclusions: the spawning period of the Bohai Sea sea bass ranges from early August to early November, with the peak spawning season falling in October; the eggs are mainly concentrated in the nearshore high-temperature and high-salinity waters. Analysis based on the number of detected eggs and embryonic development status reveals that the reproduction of the Bohai Sea sea bass first initiates in the deep waters of the Bohai Bay, then gradually migrates to shallow waters. Although this species has a relatively high fecundity, its resource stock is small, which may be related to the low survival rate of the current-year juveniles during the early developmental stage and overwintering period. The fertilized eggs of the Bohai Sea sea bass can hatch within 35-38 hours at a culture water temperature of approximately 21℃, taking 4 to 4.5 days to fully hatch into larvae. The ranges of egg diameter and oil globule diameter are relatively narrow, being 1.14-1.40 mm and 0.28-0.38 mm respectively. When the fertilized eggs just enter the cell division stage, vesicular tissues appear at the junction between the cell mass and the yolk, a feature that persists even after the larvae hatch, which is rarely observed in the early development of other teleost fishes.