RBE-DS-NO2: A fine-scale NO2 dataset during 2005-2020 in China

RBE-DS-NO2 is a long-term, high-resolution NO2 dataset for China. This dataset was generated by employing the robust back-extrapolation via a data augmentation approach (RBE-DA) to ensure the predictive accuracy in back-extrapolation before 2013, and by utilizing an improved spatial downscaling technique (DS) to refine the spatial resolution from 10 km to 1 km. Back-extrapolation validation based on 2005-2012 observations from sites in Taiwan province yielded an R2 of 0.72 and RMSE of 10.7 μg/m3, while cross-validation across China during 2013-2020 showed an R2 of 0.73 and RMSE of 9.6 μg/m3.