Estimated and observed bycatch, number of pups born, estimated all deaths, and estimated other deaths of seals aged 0–15 months (see also S1 Table), estimated 15-month-old survivors, estimated population size (mean; number of individuals), and bycatch rate of seals in terms of the average annual estimated number of bycaught seals/average annual estimated number of survivors at age 0.5 months in 1991–2021.

During 2017–2021, the population growth rate averaged 4%. In total, birth lair data included the observed and estimated numbers of pups (observed N = 1557, estimated N = 1778) and birth lair locations (N = 1526) during 1991−2021.