Data from: [ Drivers of human-tiger conflict risk and potential mitigation approaches]

Human-wildlife conflict has become a significant challenge for conservationists partic-ularly in areas where endangered species, such as large carnivores, are recovering. If we fail to balance the interests of humans and wildlife, human-wildlife conflict can have adverse outcomes. However, the drivers of human-wildlife conflict, and how to mitigate conflict, are often poorly understood. In this study, we aim to explore triggering reasons and potential mitigating approaches for human-tiger conflict risks through spatio-temporal niche parti-tioning. Based on data of reports of Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) preying on cattle and camera-trap detection data from 2014 to 2019 in Hunchun, northeast China, we predict-ed Amur tiger occurrence and created risk maps of human-tiger potential encounters. We found that Amur tiger occurrence was positively driven by prey distribution and negatively by the distribution of pastures used for domestic cattle grazing (p < 0.01). Predation on live-stock was heightened in areas with limited preferred prey, i.e., wild pig (Sus scrofa) and sika deer (Cervus nippon), and in closer proximity to cattle grazing land (p < 0.01). Based on our models we divided areas utilized by human and tiger low, medium, and high-risk areas on the basis of tiger and human use across multiple spatio-temporal scales. Multiple spa-tio-temporal scale niche partitioning management might effectively reduce the risk of hu-man-tiger encounters, prompt harmonized coexistence between human being and tiger, and also provide new solutions for other areas experiencing human-wildlife conflicts.