Associations between nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, disgust sensitivity, and first-trimester maternal serum free-β hCG and PAPP-A

We prospectively collected two independent samples (S1 and S2) of women in the first trimester of pregnancy, who completed the Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching and Disgust Scale-Revised (in S2 also Three domains disgust scale). We also measured free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in maternal serum.   In both samples, we included women who conceived naturally (no assisted reproduction or hormonal treatment) after a singleton pregnancy. S1 consisted of 202 women recruited between November 2017 and November 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic. S2 consisted of 397 women recruited between March 2020 and January 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic.