COVID-19 High Frequency Phone Survey 2020 - Chad

Abstract
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In Chad, COVID-19 is expected to affect households in many ways. First, governments might reduce social transfers to households due to the decline in revenue arising from the potential COVID-19 economic recession. Second households deriving income from vulnerable sectors such as tourism and related activities will likely face risk of unemployment or loss of income. Third an increase in prices of imported goods can also negatively impact household welfare, as a direct consequence of the increase of these imported items or as indirect increase of prices of local good manufactured using imported inputs. In this context, there is a need to produce high frequency data to help policy makers in monitoring the channels by which the pandemic affects households and assessing its distributional impact. To do so, the sample of the longitudinal survey will be a sub-sample of the 2018/19 Enquête sur la Consommation des Ménages et le Secteur Informel au Tchad (Ecosit 4) in Chad.

This has the advantage of conducting cost effectively welfare analysis without collecting new consumption data. The 30 minutes questionnaires covered many modules, including knowledge, behavior, access to services, food security, employment, safety nets, shocks, coping, etc. Data collection is planned for four months (four rounds) and the questionnaire is designed with core modules and rotating modules.

The main objectives of the survey are to:
• Identify type of households directly or indirectly affected by the pandemic;
• Identify the main channels by which the pandemic affects households;
• Provide relevant data on income and socioeconomic indicators to assess the welfare impact of the pandemic.

Geographic coverage
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National coverage, including Ndjamena (Capital city), other urban and rural

Analysis unit
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- Households
- Individuals

Universe
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The survey covered only households of the 2018/19 Enquête sur la Consommation des Ménages et le Secteur Informel au Tchad (ECOSIT 4) which excluded populations in prisons, hospitals, military barracks, and school dormitories.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The Chad COVID-19 impact monitoring survey is a high frequency Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI). The survey’s sample was drawn from the Enquête sur la Consommation des Ménages et le Secteur Informel au Tchad (Ecosit 4) which was conducted in 2018-2019. ECOSIT 4 is a survey with a sample size of 7,493 household’s representative at national, regional and by urban/rural. During the survey, each household was asked to provide a phone number of at least one member or a non-household member (e.g. friends or neighbors) so that they can be contacted for follow-up questions. The sampling of the high frequency survey aimed at having representative estimates by national and area of residence: Ndjamena (capital city), other urban and rural area. The minimum sample size was 2,000 for which 1,748 households (87.5%) were successfully interviewed at the national level. To account for non-response and attrition and given that this survey was the first experience of INSEED, 2,833households were initially selected, among them 1,832 households have been reached. The 1,748 households represent the final sample and will be contacted for the next three rounds of the survey.

Sampling deviation
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None

Mode of data collection
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Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument
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The questionnaire is in French and has been administrated in French and local languages. The length of an interview varies between 20 and 30 minutes. The questionnaires consisted of the following sections:
1- Household Roster
2- Knowledge of COVID-19
3- Behavior and Social Distancing
4- Access to Basic Services
5- Employment and Income
6- Prices and Food Security
7- Other Impacts of COVID-19
8- Income Loss
9- Coping/Shocks
10- Social Safety Nets
11- Fragility
12. Gender based Violence (for the fourth wave)
13. Vaccine (for the fourth wave)

Cleaning operations
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At the end of data collection, the raw dataset was cleaned by the INSEED with the support of the WB team. This included formatting, and correcting results based on monitoring issues, enumerator feedback and survey changes.

Response rate
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The minimum sample expected is 2,000 households covering Ndjamena, other urban and rural areas. Overall, the survey has been completed for 1,748 households that is about 87.5 % of the expected minimal sample size at the national level. This provide reliable estimates at national and area of residence level.

摘要
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在乍得，COVID-19预计将以多种方式影响家庭。首先，由于潜在的经济衰退导致的收入下降，政府可能会减少对家庭的转移支付。其次，从旅游业等相关脆弱产业获取收入的家庭可能会面临失业或收入损失的风险。第三，进口商品价格的上升也可能对家庭福利产生负面影响，这不仅是因为这些进口商品的直接价格上涨，也可能是由于使用进口投入品生产的本地商品价格的间接上涨。在此背景下，有必要生成高频数据，以帮助政策制定者监测疫情对家庭的影响渠道，并评估其分布性影响。为此，纵向调查的样本将是乍得2018/19年《家庭消费与非正规部门调查》（Ecosit 4）的子样本。这具有在不收集新的消费数据的情况下进行成本效益分析的优势。30分钟的问卷涵盖了多个模块，包括知识、行为、服务获取、食品安全、就业、安全网、冲击、应对措施等。数据收集计划为四个月（四轮），问卷设计包含核心模块和轮换模块。

调查的主要目标包括：
• 确定直接或间接受到疫情影响的家庭类型；
• 确定疫情影响家庭的主要渠道；
• 提供有关收入和社会经济指标的相关数据，以评估疫情对福利的影响。

地理覆盖范围
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全国范围，包括恩贾梅纳（首都）、其他城市和农村地区。

分析单元
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- 家庭
- 个人

调查范围
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仅涵盖2018/19年《乍得家庭消费与非正规部门调查》（ECOSIT 4）的家庭，不包括监狱、医院、军营和学校宿舍的居民。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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乍得COVID-19影响监测调查是一种高频计算机辅助电话访谈（CATI）。调查样本是从2018-2019年进行的《乍得家庭消费与非正规部门调查》（Ecosit 4）中抽取的。ECOSIT 4是一项样本量为7,493户的全国、地区和城市/农村代表性调查。在调查期间，每户被要求提供至少一名家庭成员或非家庭成员（例如朋友或邻居）的电话号码，以便他们可以接受后续问题的询问。高频调查的抽样旨在通过国家和居住区域（恩贾梅纳[首都]、其他城市和农村地区）获得代表性估计。最低样本量为2,000户，其中1,748户（87.5%）在国家层面成功接受了访谈。为了弥补非响应和流失，考虑到这是INSEED的首次经验，最初选择了2,833户家庭，其中1,832户家庭已经接触。1,748户家庭代表最终样本，并将被联系进行下一轮的三次调查。

抽样偏差
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无

数据收集方式
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计算机辅助个人访谈 [capi]

研究工具
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问卷使用法语，并以法语和当地语言进行管理。访谈时间介于20至30分钟之间。问卷包括以下部分：
1- 家庭名单
2- 对COVID-19的了解
3- 行为和社会距离
4- 基本服务获取
5- 就业和收入
6- 价格和食品安全
7- COVID-19的其他影响
8- 收入损失
9- 应对/冲击
10- 社会安全网
11- 脆弱性
12. 基于（第四波）性别暴力的暴力
13. 疫苗（第四波）

数据清理
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数据收集结束后，INSEED在世行团队的支持下对原始数据集进行了清理。这包括格式化，并根据监控问题、调查员反馈和调查变化进行结果纠正。

响应率
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预计最低样本量为2,000户，涵盖恩贾梅纳、其他城市和农村地区。总体而言，调查已完成1,748户，约占国家层面预期最低样本量的87.5%，这为国家层面和居住区域层面提供了可靠的估计。