Performance of Geneva® series apple rootstocks grafted with ‘Gala Select’ in four different replanting soil at Southern Brazil

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of the Geneva® series apple rootstocks G.202, G.213, G.210 and G.814. The rootstock G.202 and G.213 proved to be the less vigorous, being considered dwarfs. For replanting soil, ‘G.210’ was considered an efficient alternative. The ‘G.213’ was the most efficient, in a general point of view, demonstrating that it does not change its yield efficiency and stability characteristics, even under replanting conditions. All rootstocks reached the goal of 120 accumulated tons.ha-1 in Caxias do Sul-RS, highlighting the faster financial return to the growers. ‘G.213’ has higher soluble solids content, indicating the possibility of an earlier harvesting. It is concluded that the G.210 and G. 213 rootstocks are good options for the areas evaluated, under replanting conditions, mainly G.213 for more dense systems and G.210 for areas under extreme replanting conditions.摘要 本研究旨在评估Geneva®系列苹果砧木（Geneva® series apple rootstocks）G.202、G.213、G.210与G.814的农艺性状表现。试验结果表明，砧木G.202与G.213树势最弱，属于矮化砧木。针对重茬种植土壤，‘G.210’被认定为高效替代砧木。从综合评价维度来看，‘G.213’的表现最为优异，即便处于重茬种植条件下，其产量效率与稳产特性也未出现明显变化。所有供试砧木在巴西南里奥格兰德州卡斯卡伊斯杜苏尔（Caxias do Sul-RS）产区均达成了120吨·公顷⁻¹的累计产量目标，可为种植者带来更快速的资金回报。‘G.213’的可溶性固形物含量更高，提示可提前进行果实采收。综上，在本次评估的重茬种植区域中，G.210与G.213均为优质可选砧木：其中G.213更适配高密度栽培系统，而G.210则适用于极端重茬种植区域。