全球灌溉用水能源消耗和碳排放数据集（2000-2010）

该数据集为首套覆盖全球范围的灌溉用水能源消耗和碳排放数据集，空间分辨率为0.083°，时间跨度为2000-2010年。数据集包括灌溉用水总的能源消耗、总能源相关碳排放，隐含在不同灌溉水源（地表水和地下水）、泵送系统（柴油泵和电动泵）、灌溉系统（滴灌、喷灌和地面灌溉）中的能源消耗和碳排放，以及未来3℃可持续灌溉扩张情景下灌溉能源消耗和碳排放。该数据集是采用基于物理过程“自下而上”的方法生成的，在计算过程中考虑了灌溉耗水量、灌溉水源、地下水位回撤效应、灌溉系统、泵送系统、区域电力碳排放强度、电力贸易等因素的影响，且输入的参数大多经过地面观测数据的校准和验证。此外，估算结果与区域统计报告结果进行了对比验证，验证结果可靠。该数据集弥补了农业系统在能源消耗和碳排放方面的空白，可以用来识别未来能源供应将限制灌溉扩张的区域、评估灌溉对区域能源供应系统的压力、分析碳税政策对灌溉农业的影响以及农业投入-产出效益。此外，还将推动与气候智慧型农业和农业系统节能减排相关方面的研究。

This is the first global-scale dataset of irrigation water-related energy consumption and carbon emissions, with a spatial resolution of 0.083° and temporal coverage from 2000 to 2010. The dataset includes total energy consumption of irrigation water, total energy-related carbon emissions, energy consumption and carbon emissions embedded in different irrigation water sources (surface water and groundwater), pumping systems (diesel pumps and electric pumps), and irrigation systems (drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and surface irrigation), as well as irrigation energy consumption and carbon emissions under the future 3℃ sustainable irrigation expansion scenario. Generated using a bottom-up physical process-based approach, this dataset considers factors such as irrigation water consumption, irrigation water sources, groundwater table drawdown effects, irrigation systems, pumping systems, regional power carbon emission intensity, and electricity trade during the calculation process, and most of the input parameters have been calibrated and validated with ground-based observation data. In addition, the estimation results have been compared and validated against regional statistical report results, yielding reliable validation outcomes. This dataset fills the gap in agricultural systems' energy consumption and carbon emissions research, and can be used to identify regions where future energy supplies will restrict irrigation expansion, evaluate the pressure of irrigation on regional energy supply systems, analyze the impact of carbon tax policies on irrigated agriculture, and study agricultural input-output benefits. Furthermore, it will promote research related to climate-smart agriculture and energy conservation and emission reduction in agricultural systems.