NJIAS Typhoon Inner-core Size Dataset (2016–2024)

The NJIAS Typhoon Inner-core Size Dataset provides high-temporal-resolution estimates of the tropical cyclone (TC) inner-core size, specifically the radius of maximum wind (RMW), over the Western North Pacific basin. Covering the typhoon seasons from 2016 to 2024, this dataset offers a comprehensive view of TC structural evolution with a half-hourly temporal resolution.Developed to overcome the limitations of sparse synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations, the dataset leverages a novel retrieval algorithm that combines geostationary satellite infrared imagery with high-precision SAR-derived wind products as ground truth. It comprises 231 carefully curated TC samples from quality-controlled SAR data, including 110 samples of eyed TCs and 121 samples of non-eye TCs. The retrieval methodology extends traditional eye-radius-based estimation techniques to handle both clear and unclear eye structures. For non-eye TCs, a novel proxy based on the radius of strongest convection is introduced to accurately estimate the RMW. Extensive validation—including independent testing, cross-validation, and comparative analysis—demonstrates the dataset's superior accuracy compared to best-track records (e.g., JTWC).This dataset establishes a scalable framework for the high-frequency monitoring of TC inner-core dynamics, offering an invaluable resource for advancing operational forecasting, hazard assessment, and climatological research related to tropical cyclone intensity and structure.