Data Analysis of LoRa

NS3 (Network Simulator) is for the simulation to acquis the data, and the LoRa calculator is used for confirming the results. We selected the parameters for designing the network to maintain a smooth data flow. The machine clustering defined the range for the end devices. The spreading factors and the data rate are allocated to those clusters to analyze the results. Different gateways (1, 2, 4, 10, 20) were implemented to measure the SNR, RSSI, and ACK during the concurrent transmission from gateways to end devices. Analyzed the airtime, delay, and duty cycle to mitigate data losses. The bandwidth and spreading factor were modified to minimize the saturation. The duty cycle and bandwidth significantly impact the life span of the end devices.