<bold>Theoretical construction and practical transformation of</bold> “new science popularization” <bold>in process of Chinese modernization</bold>

Rooted in the historical context of China’s national strategy-driven science popularization (SP), this study analyzes the local practical integration of “science popularization” and “science and technology communication”. It proposes a theoretical framework for “new science popularization” suitable for a strong state-strong society collaborative governance environment, based on the fundamental hypotheses of “innovation-driven development”, “systemic coupling”, and “nodal creation”. The core argument introduces the “One Body, Two Wings; Three Layers, Three Stages” dynamic system model. This model elucidates how SP, under the unity of national strategy and human development, achieves a spiral evolution—from knowledge interconnection and literacy co-shaping to ecosystem co-creation—through the interaction of macro-institutional governance, meso-level empowerment coordination, and micro-level cognitive action. Furthermore, the study outlines practical paths for SP in the new era, focusing on academic-oriented science popularization, digital-intelligent empowerment, and ecological integration. The theory of “new science popularization” provides an analytical framework with both strategic distinctiveness and systemic explanatory power for China’s SP undertakings, while contributing wisdom and solutions based on Chinese experience to the global field of science communication.