Peak Forest Tramway and Cromford and High Peak Railway

A Heritage Audit was undertaken for the Peak Forest Tramway and the Cromford and High Peak Railway by ARCUS, in conjunction with Derbyshire County Council. The Peak Forest Railway was opened in 1796 to link the limestone quarries at Doveholes with Bugworth Canal Basin 6 miles to the northeast. It was one of the earliest mineral railways in Britain to link with an inland waterway system and to use iron rails. The route, engineered by Benjamin Outram, incorporates the Stoddart Tunnel at Chapel en le Frith, which has been identified as the second oldest railway tunnel in the world. The Cromford and High Peak Railway opened in 1830 and was one of the earliest in Britain. It measured 33 miles in length and crossed the White Peak of Derbyshire, rising to a height of over 1200ft by means of a series of inclined planes with fixed steam engines. The level central section was created by the engineer Josias Jessop, with huge embankments and narrow cuttings. Wagons were pulled along this section initially by horses and later by steam engines.ARCUS联合德比郡议会，对峰森林有轨电车道（Peak Forest Tramway）与克朗福德与高峰铁路（Cromford and High Peak Railway）开展了遗产审计（Heritage Audit）。 峰森林铁路（Peak Forest Railway）于1796年正式通车，其功能为连通多弗霍尔（Doveholes）的石灰岩采石场与东北方向6英里外的巴格斯沃思运河港（Bugworth Canal Basin）。它是英国最早实现与内陆水运系统接驳、并采用铁制铁轨的矿物铁路之一。 该线路由本杰明·奥特拉姆（Benjamin Outram）主持设计，内含坐落于查普尔恩勒弗里斯（Chapel en le Frith）的斯托达特隧道（Stoddart Tunnel），该隧道经认定为全球第二古老的铁路隧道。 克朗福德与高峰铁路于1830年开通，亦是英国早期铁路线路之一。 其全长33英里，横穿德比郡白峰地区，通过一系列搭载固定式蒸汽机车的斜面坡道，实现了超过1200英尺的高度爬升。 其中央平坦路段由工程师约西亚斯·杰索普（Josias Jessop）打造，建有巨型路堤与狭窄路堑。该路段最初以马匹牵引货运车厢，后续改用蒸汽机车作为牵引动力。